ODAC News

 

Friday 14 Sept

 

The Oil Depletion Analysis Centre

 

 

Next newsletter Sunday 23rd September.

 

Economy - UK

1a/  Mervyn spanks banks          (BBC News [Robert Peston], Wed 12 Sep)

1b/  Scything the City     (BBC News [Robert Peston], Thu 13 Sep)

1c/  Northern Rock is bailed out by Bank of England         (The Times, Fri 14 Sep)

1d/  Northern Rock shares plunge 32%    (BBC News, Fri 14 Sep)

 

Biofuels

2/   Doubts raised over EU’s biofuels target          (Financial Times, Thu 13 Sep)

 

Middle East

3/   Saudi to fence off Iraq           (Arabian Business, Wed 12 Sep)

 

Natural Gas – UK/Norway

4/   Norway's giant Ormen Lange gas field starts production           (Platts, Thu 13 Sep)

 

Global Oil Production

5/   A Non-OPEC Progress Report           (ASPO-USA, Wed 12 Sep)

 

Food Prices

6/   The market ingredients are put in place for a more costly full English breakfast  (The Times, Fri 14 Sep)

 

Natural Gas Exports – Russia to Western Europe

7/   Flash Points: Russia's Pricing Weapon          (Energy Intelligence [Energy Compass], Fri 14 Sep)

 

Peak Oil Report – Queensland, Australia

8/   Govt warns of `peak oil' chaos           (Courier Mail [Australia], Sat 15 Sep)

 

 

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1a/        Mervyn spanks banks   (BBC News [Robert Peston], Wed 12 Sep)

 

http://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/thereporters/robertpeston/2007/09/mervyn_spanks_banks_1.html

 

Comment:    The Bank of England has taken a lot of flak over the last week or two (in the media) for not doing enough to help UK banks. But Robert Preston asks – when they have been so reckless in their lending, and buying duff financial assets from the USA, why should it do more? The banks want cheap cash loans from the BoE, but the BoE thinks this will encourage worse lending/borrowing practices in future. Bottom line – the BoE will not be pumping cheap cash into the financial system, but will step in to prevent any banks going bankrupt (Northern Rock for example) by providing cash at higher rates of interest. Note also that interest rates for individuals and businesses have further to rise.

 

Article:    The headline news in today’s statement by Mervyn King, Governor of the Bank of England, on turmoil in financial markets is his forecast that “effective borrowing rates facing households and companies will rise somewhat.”

 

It may be a statement of the bloomin’ obvious. But it confirms that the Bank of England is much less likely than it had been to increase its base lending rate for the simple reason that financial markets have done the work already.

 

We are already seeing signs – in Abbey’s upward tweaks of its tracker mortgage rates for new borrowers – that mortgage rates are rising.

 

It won’t be long before we see rate rises on other kinds of loans to individuals and companies. And because credit is in shorter supply than in recent years, those unlucky enough to be classified as riskier prospects may be refused loans altogether or may be charged an arm, leg and torso.

 

But King thinks it is “too soon… to quantify the impact on the economy as a whole”. However he’s clear that we face some uncomfortable weeks and months.

 

... During the journey towards a resumption of normal service, some banks – those who have behaved less stupidly hitherto and have stronger balance sheets – will clean up. They may become bigger and more profitable.

 

Others, with balance sheets weakened by their recent adventures will shrivel and even possibly disappear, probably by being acquired.

 

So what should the Bank of England do about all of this?

 

King is absolutely clear that the Bank should do nothing to bail out banks who failed to calculate properly the risks they were running in providing financial support to the investment vehicles which bought crappy assets with short term loans.

 

He is very reluctant to do what many bankers want him to do, which is to attempt to bring down interest rates for three-month interbank loans by lending them three-month money against the collateral of all those debt securities no one wants to buy at the moment.

 

He thinks – and I agree – that the Bank would in effect be underwriting the foolish, greedy behaviour of the banks that precipitated the crisis. In helping them out this time, he would be encouraging them to believe there is no cost to under-pricing risk, such that they would almost certainly repeat their mistakes, only next time on a more colossal scale.

 

... Also, King confirms that the Bank is prepared, in its role as lender of last resort, to provide a special loan to any bank that faced temporary funding problems but was otherwise seen as solvent. It would wish to prevent the serious economic damage that resulted from a bank collapse. But it would charge a penalty interest rate for such support, in the hope that biting said bank would encourage all banking miscreants to rehabilitate.

 

 

1b/        Scything the City    (BBC News [Robert Peston], Thu 13 Sep)

 

http://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/thereporters/robertpeston/2007/09/scything_the_city_1.html

 

Comment:    Robert Peston gives some idea as to how many people are just about to lose their jobs in the finance sector, in London, and points out that the consequences for the UK’s economy will be significant because of the amount of money the UK makes / use to make from financial services.

 

Article:    The humungous bonuses trousered by many investment bankers may seem a trifle de trop.

 

But it’s not a stress-free existence. They live in an eat-or-be-eaten world and are in work for as long as they are economically productive - and barely a second longer.

 

So brutal redundancies are now only days and weeks away, as it becomes commonly accepted that the turmoil in financial markets will depress certain lines of business for months if not years.

 

The boss of one investment bank tells me he expects a first wave of job cuts that will see individual banks reduce their headcounts between 5 and 15 per cent.

 

And he says he wouldn't be surprised if that was followed just a few months later by a second wave of similar or even greater magnitude.

 

First out the door will be many of the creators of the current crisis: the manufacturers and traders of assorted asset-backed securities that you can hardly give away right now; all those debt whiz-kids who engineered the poisonous collateralised debt and loan obligations; the banking servants of a hedge-fund world that’s shrinking fast and of a private-equity industry in cryogenic storage.

 

Should we weep for their plight? Some of you will scoff at the thought. It’s a big hello to schadenfreude [Wikipedia: is a German word meaning 'pleasure taken from someone else's misfortune'].

 

Actually, there could be one or two benign consequences from the slaughter of the not-so-innocent, such as a deceleration in the rampant inflation of central London property (okay, I know this is not a universal good).

 

But don't think we'll get away scot-free.

 

The economy called Britain is built on financial services (though more by accident than design). Something over a third of our overall economic growth has been generated in recent times by the City and financial services.

 

Lean times in the City means slower growth, less wealth to spread around and a substantial dip in the Treasury's tithe.

 

When the bubble is pricked, no umbrella is big enough – we all become a bit damp.

 

 

1c/        Northern Rock is bailed out by Bank of England      (The Times, Fri 14 Sep)

 

http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/banking_and_finance/article2449595.ece?EMC-Bltn

 

Article:    Northern Rock, the UK’s fifth largest mortgage lender, applied to the Bank of England for emergency support last night after struggling to raise money.

 

In a rare move, the Bank of England agreed to throw the bank a lifeline and become the “lender of last resort”, effectively agreeing the first bailout of a British bank since money markets went into crisis over the summer.

 

Financial experts and MPs urged borrowers and savers with Northern Rock to stay calm, telling customers that they should not be tempted to withdraw their funds or switch lenders.

 

John McFall, chairman of the Treasury Select Committee, said: “I don’t think customers of Northern Rock should be worried about their current accounts or mortgages.

 

“The fact that the Bank [of England] is willing to act as lender of last resort should be reassuring, because it means they think the problems are temporary.”

 

The Governor of the Bank of England, Mervyn King, said in a letter to the Treasury Select Committee on Wednesday that the Bank would be prepared to provide emergency loans to a bank that ran into difficulties, so long as those difficulties were the result of temporary market conditions.

 

... Experts said that Northern Rock was suffering because of its dependency on borrowing from other banks.Ray Boulger, senior technical manager at John Charcol, a mortgage broker, said: “It is unusual. Banks will try to arrange things so they do not go to the lender of last resort.

 

Northern Rock is the largest financial institution based in the North East of England, according to its website. It was founded in July 1965 as Northern Rock Building Society and converted to a public limited company in 1997.

 

A £4.4 billion relief fund offered by the Bank of England yesterday was drained by banking giants in less than an hour as they struggle to secure finance. The Bank of England pumped the extra cash into the system in a bid to ease soaring overnight inter-bank borrowing interest rates.

 

1d/        Northern Rock shares plunge 32%      (BBC News, Fri 14 Sep)

 

http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/6994328.stm

 

Comment:   Long queues outside branches - looks like people are beginning to get worried.

 

Article:    Shares in one of the UK's largest mortgage lenders, Northern Rock, have fallen 32% after it had to ask the Bank of England for emergency funding.

But experts and officials insist that Northern Rock, which has £113bn in assets, is not in danger of going bust.

 

Despite the reassurances lines of customers formed outside many Northern Rock branches around the UK.

 

The bank has struggled to raise money to finance its lending ever since money markets seized up over the summer.

 

Other bank shares fell, with Bradford & Bingley, Alliance & Leicester and HBOS down nearly 8%, 7% and 4% respectively.

 

House builders were also hit, with companies like Persimmon, Taylor Wimpey, Bovis Homes and Berkeley Group falling around 6% and more.

 

The London stockmarket's benchmark index, the FTSE 100, at one point dropped more than 2.2% before recovering during the afternoon. The index closed at 6,289 - a loss of 74 points or 1.17%

 

Northern Rock said that its profits for 2007 would be hit, but that it remained solvent.

 

Unlike most banks, which get their money from customers making deposits into savings accounts, Northern Rock is built around its mortgage business...

 

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2/         Doubts raised over EU’s biofuels target          (Financial Times, Thu 13 Sep)

 

http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/9113b1c6-6185-11dc-bf25-0000779fd2ac,dwp_uuid=70662e7c-3027-11da-ba9f-00000e2511c8.html

 

Article:    A European drive to source a tenth of vehicle fuel from plants by 2020 may have to be scaled down, the chairman of international talks on biofuels said on Wednesday.

 

Brice Lalonde, the head of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development’s round table on sustainable development, said that it may not be possible to hit the target using “sustainable” methods, as called for by European Union leaders in March.

 

A stinging report prepared for the OECD group of developed nations on Wednesday warned that converting crops into energy risked raising food prices and the chopping down of tropical forests because of competition for scarce land.

 

The OECD report said that politicians were using subsidies and policy to rig the market in favour of an untried technology that would reduce energy-related emissions by 3 per cent at most.

 

“The current push to expand the use of biofuels is creating unsustainable tensions that will disrupt markets without generating significant environmental benefits,” the authors said.

 

Mr Lalonde, a French former environment minister, said: “The message was to be careful and take a long hard look at the issues. Several people were very blunt in saying that you cannot ask nature to do everything. You cannot feed people and soak up carbon and protect biodiversity and fuel cars.”

 

“European transport ministers set the target ‘as long as it is sustainable’. That is a key sentence.”

 

Mr Lalonde said that many lobbyists – not least farmers – were pushing for greater biofuel use and subsidies.

 

The meeting was attended by ministers and government officials from several EU members as well as the US, Malaysia and Brazil, all big biofuel producers, and representatives of private industry and international bodies.

 

Some diplomats in Brussels doubt the EU’s target can be met. Stavros Dimas, the environment commissioner, has already warned that biofuels are not a panacea for climate change.

 

However, a spokesman for Andris Piebalgs, the energy commissioner, said he would publish a plan for hitting the target by the end of the year. “We are carrying out the mandate given to us by European leaders,” he said. “New technology will play a big role.”

 

That is a gamble, say some, as such technology is unproven. Most current biofuels use a lot of energy to break down plants. The OECD believes governments should scrap subsidies to those and fund research into second generation fuels, which use waste products such as cut grass.

 

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3/         Saudi to fence off Iraq       (Arabian Business, Wed 12 Sep)

 

http://www.arabianbusiness.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=500241%3Asaudi-to-fence-off-iraq&Itemid=1

 

Comment:    Following Israel’s example of building a wall with ‘Palestine’ (the West Bank), the USA’s example with its Mexican border?

 

Article:    Saudi Arabia has invited companies to bid for a contract to build a security fence along its border with Iraq at cost of up to 4 billion riyals ($1.07 billion), officials at five invited companies said on Wednesday.

 

Saudi Arabia, the world's largest oil exporter, wants to build a double-lined, razor wire fence along the 900-km (560 mile) frontier with its northern neighbour, complete with thermal imaging and radar equipment, the officials said.

 

... The contract is part of wider project aimed at securing the country's 6,500-km-long borders, local contractors said.

 

Known as the Ministry of Interior, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (MIKSA) contract, the scheme includes adding hundreds of radar facilities, coastal detection centres, telecommunications networks and reconnaissance aircraft around the country.

 

France's Thales had been negotiating for 12 years to carry out the MIKSA contract until the Saudi government decided to launch an international tender last April.

 

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4/         Norway's giant Ormen Lange gas field starts production  (Platts, Thu 13 Sep)

 

http://www.platts.com/Natural%20Gas/News/8255626.xml?p=Natural%20Gas/News&sub=Natural%20Gas?src=energybulletin

 

Comment:    The capacity of the Langeled pipeline is about 25 billion cubic metres / year (25 bcm), which should be enough to keep the UK out of trouble until 2010. The question is, what are the contractual obligations of (i.e. how reliable are) the gas supplies thro the Langeled pipe? Platts has reported at least three times this year, most recently last week, that gas supplies have been unexpectedly reduced from Langeled, with no reason given. Not something we would want to happen in the middle of a particularly cold winter spell.

 

Article:    Norway's giant Ormen Lange gas field began producing gas Thursday at 11:02 CET (09:02 GMT), operator Norsk Hydro said. The field is expected to send gas to the UK and the Continent through the Langeled pipeline.

 

Tom Rotjer, Hydro's director for Ormen Lange and the Langeled pipeline, said: "This is a historic milestone, not only for Hydro, but also for the license partners and the Norwegian industry as a whole. We are thrilled to be able to deliver gas from the Ormen Lange field to the UK and continental market, as planned." 

 

"From now until the inaugural ceremony on October 6, we will be testing production. This may result in fluctuating volumes of gas flowing from the field," he added.

 

Commercial operations at the field are timetabled to start October 1, with the official inauguration following October 6. Gas market observers had long expected flows from the field to start prior to the commercial launch, however. Several traders said in the previous week that they had heard rumors that the field would begin sending gas to the UK in the following few days.

 

Hydro spokesman Lars Bjelvin said volumes from the field would be "fairly moderate at the start--there will be a gradual increase in volumes all the way out to 2010." 

 

Ormen Lange could flow around 70 million cubic meters/day into the UK's Easington gas reception terminal through the Langeled pipeline. Norwegian pipeline operator Gassco said in the previous week that capacity on the Langeled pipeline was fully booked from October 2007 out to 2016...

 

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5/         A Non-OPEC Progress Report   (ASPO-USA, Wed 12 Sep)

 

http://www.aspo-usa.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=210&Itemid=91

 

Comment:    Dave Cohen of ASPO-USA writes clear and succinct articles on oil production/depletion. Here he analyses non-OPEC oil production so far for 2007.

 

Article:    A data-driven analysis of new oil projects outside of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) reveals that production growth is now surpassing the dismal performance exhibited in 2005 and 2006. New project schedules and the EIA's supply data make it possible to take a close look at the non-OPEC supply situation, and thus make a rough estimate of how 2007 will turn out. Many developments are scheduled to come on-stream in the 2007-2009 period, but new projects peter out thereafter. It's important to keep our eye on the ball by examining how declines or delays affect overall non-OPEC production growth during these crucial years.

 

... These considerations point to an increase of at most 700 thousand b/d in non-OPEC supply for 2007, a substantial improvement over the 2 previous years. Growth beyond this ceiling requires that new oil or existing field upgrades must surpass non-OPEC declines. If the IEA's estimate of the decline rate for non-OPEC production is accurate, the world must put 2.324 million b/d on-stream each year to offset depleting fields. This number is higher than the peak flows total in Table 1. It seems clear that new oil from projects scheduled in previous years is making up much of the difference. With so many 2007 projects experiencing delays, declines may offset additions for the rest of the year, thus lowering the non-OPEC increment. Updates to the EIA data will allow us to follow the situation more closely.

 

Production growth is stronger than it was in the previous two years, but that doesn't mean that the non-OPEC supply picture is rosy for the indefinite future. New developments become scarce after 2009 according to both Skrebowski's and Moritis' schedules for upcoming upstream projects. These schedules are reasonably accurate because of the long-lead times required to get new oil into production. Analysts like the IEA and the Centre for Global Energy Studies (CGES) have been forced to revise their non-OPEC forecasts downward in recent years (ASPO-USA, April 11, 2007). We await the final verdict for non-OPEC supply, which won't be in until the 1st quarter of 2008.

 

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6/         The market ingredients are put in place for a more costly full English breakfast        (The Times, Fri 14 Sep)

 

http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/consumer_goods/article2448881.ece?EMC-Bltn

 

Article:    The cost of a cooked British breakfast is about to surge as price inflation grips the animal feed industry and threatens to create shortages of food staples, such as eggs as well as soaring bacon, dairy and bread prices.

 

The inflationary spiral in wheat, which last month forced up the price of a British loaf, is creating havoc in the farmyard. A leading UK egg producer, Noble Foods, yesterday gave warning that farmers were quitting the egg business, unable to afford the cost of feeding hens.

 

Noble, which supplies about 40 per cent of the UK market, said that a number of its producers were cancelling orders for chicks to be raised ahead of the Christmas laying season, raising the prospect of egg shortages for the first time since the Second World War.

 

“Farmers are deciding not to buy pullets. There could be shortages in the market in the weeks leading up to Christmas,” said Finn Cottle, marketing director.

 

Egg consumption rises by 50 per cent in the run-up to Christmas, as families have more cooked breakfasts in winter and bake cakes.

 

The cost of animal feed, mainly wheat and soya, represents half the cost of keeping hens and those ingredients have doubled in price over the past year. Pig farmers are also feeling the effect of soaring commodity prices and are demanding stiff price increases for pork.

 

... The grain price is setting records every week just as egg farmers enter contracts for animal feed, typically renewed in September. If the business of producing eggs is to get back on an even keel, farm gate prices must rise by 25 per cent, says Noble. That translates into an extra 20p on six free range eggs on a supermarket shelf...

 

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7/         Flash Points: Russia's Pricing Weapon          (Energy Intelligence [Energy Compass], Fri 14 Sep)

 

No link. From newsletter.

 

Article:    Russian state Gazprom's drive to raise natural gas prices for neighboring states is causing further strains, creating seeds for new crises and potential supply disruptions when contracts expire at end-year. Price talks with all the major transit nations for Russian energy exports to Europe -- the Baltic states, Belarus and Ukraine -- are looking sticky.

 

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8/         Govt warns of `peak oil' chaos   (Courier Mail [Australia], Sat 15 Sep)

 

http://www.news.com.au/couriermail/story/0,23739,22419825-952,00.html

 

Article:    QUEENSLAND is heading for an oil shock. And it is not a matter of if, but when.

 

As crude oil prices hit a record high yesterday, an as-yet unreleased Queensland Government report warns of massive social dislocation, rising food prices and infrastructure headaches because of rising oil costs.

The report on the looming "peak oil" crisis concludes that we will have to re-think the way we live and travel in the next few years as relatively cheap liquid fuels become a thing of the past.

 

"Peak oil" refers to when global output fails to meet demand, a situation the report estimates will occur in the next few years, although some economists believe we are now on the cusp.

 

The report, Queensland's Vulnerability to Rising Oil Prices, comes as crude oil prices pushed through $US80 a barrel for the first time in trading on Thursday night – triple the price of five years ago.

 

The effect already is being felt at the bowser, with petrol in Brisbane yesterday selling for as much as 129.9¢ a litre.

 

The report was prepared by a taskforce of scientists and industry experts, including Queensland's chief geologist John Draper and the Department of Primary Industry's chief scientist Joe Baker, and chaired by the newly appointed Minister for Sustainability Andrew McNamara.

 

Of the three scenarios mapped out for world oil prices by the report, Mr McNamara said we were already in the worst case "high oil price" scenario.

 

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